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Metabolic Risk/Epidemiology
Association of Myosteatosis with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Severity, and Liver Fibrosis Using Visual Muscular Quality Map in Computed Tomography
Hwi Seung Kim, Jiwoo Lee, Eun Hee Kim, Min Jung Lee, In Young Bae, Woo Je Lee, Joong-Yeol Park, Hong-Kyu Kim, Chang Hee Jung
Diabetes Metab J. 2023;47(1):104-117.   Published online January 26, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2022.0081
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  • 7 Web of Science
  • 6 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader   ePub   
Background
The association of myosteatosis measured using visual muscular quality map in computed tomography (CT) with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), its severity, and fibrosis was analyzed in a large population.
Methods
Subjects (n=13,452) with abdominal CT between 2012 and 2013 were measured total abdominal muscle area (TAMA) at L3 level. TAMA was segmented into intramuscular adipose tissue and skeletal muscle area (SMA), which was further classified into normal attenuation muscle area (NAMA) and low attenuation muscle area (LAMA). The following variables were adopted as indicators of myosteatosis: SMA/body mass index (BMI), NAMA/BMI, NAMA/TAMA, and LAMA/BMI. NAFLD and its severity were assessed by ultrasonography, and liver fibrosis was measured by calculating the NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS) and fibrosis-4 index (FIB-4) scores.
Results
According to multiple logistic regression analyses, as quartiles of SMA/BMI, NAMA/BMI, and NAMA/TAMA increased, the odds ratios (ORs) for NAFLD decreased in each sex (P for trend <0.001 for all). The ORs of moderate/severe NAFLD were significantly higher in the Q1 group than in the Q4 group for SMA/BMI, NAMA/BMI, and NAMA/TAMA in men. The ORs of intermediate/high liver fibrosis scores assessed by NFS and FIB-4 scores increased linearly with decreasing quartiles for SMA/BMI, NAMA/BMI, and NAMA/TAMA in each sex (P for trend <0.001 for all). Conversely, the risk for NAFLD and fibrosis were positively associated with LAMA/BMI quartiles in each sex (P for trend <0.001 for all).
Conclusion
A higher proportion of good quality muscle was associated with lower risks of NAFLD and fibrosis.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Association of Myosteatosis with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Severity, and Liver Fibrosis Using Visual Muscular Quality Map in Computed Tomography (Diabetes Metab J 2023;47:104-17)
    Hwi Seung Kim, Hong-Kyu Kim, Chang Hee Jung
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2023; 47(2): 304.     CrossRef
  • Association of Myosteatosis with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Severity, and Liver Fibrosis Using Visual Muscular Quality Map in Computed Tomography (Diabetes Metab J 2023;47:104-17)
    Eun Roh
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2023; 47(2): 301.     CrossRef
  • Sarcopenia, a condition shared by various diseases: can we alleviate or delay the progression?
    Giovanni Tarantino, Gaia Sinatti, Vincenzo Citro, Silvano Santini, Clara Balsano
    Internal and Emergency Medicine.2023; 18(7): 1887.     CrossRef
  • Association of Visceral Fat Obesity, Sarcopenia, and Myosteatosis with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease without Obesity
    Hong-Kyu Kim, Sung-Jin Bae, Min Jung Lee, Eun Hee Kim, Hana Park, Hwi Seung Kim, Yun Kyung Cho, Chang Hee Jung, Woo Je Lee, Jaewon Choe
    Clinical and Molecular Hepatology.2023; 29(4): 987.     CrossRef
  • Current view of the surgical anatomy of the anterolateral abdominal wall muscles and their aponeuroses
    A.V. Pavlov, A.S. Baranova, A.V. Fedoseyev, A.I. Vvedensky, G.S. Lazutina, N.V. Ovchinnikova, I.V. Bakharev
    Operativnaya khirurgiya i klinicheskaya anatomiya (Pirogovskii nauchnyi zhurnal).2023; 7(3): 44.     CrossRef
  • Muscle Fat Content Is Associated with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Liver Fibrosis in Chinese Adults
    W. Guo, X. Zhao, D. Cheng, X. Liang, M. Miao, X. Li, J. Lu, N. Xu, Shuang Hu, Qun Zhang
    The Journal of nutrition, health and aging.2023; 27(11): 960.     CrossRef
Metabolic Risk/Epidemiology
Sex Differences of Visceral Fat Area and Visceral-to-Subcutaneous Fat Ratio for the Risk of Incident Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Eun Hee Kim, Hong-Kyu Kim, Min Jung Lee, Sung-Jin Bae, Jaewon Choe, Chang Hee Jung, Chul-Hee Kim, Joong-Yeol Park, Woo Je Lee
Diabetes Metab J. 2022;46(3):486-498.   Published online November 18, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2021.0095
  • 9,321 View
  • 367 Download
  • 19 Web of Science
  • 22 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader   ePub   
Background
This study aimed to determine the optimal cut-off values of visceral fat area (VFA) and visceral-to-subcutaneous fat ratio (VSR) for predicting incident type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Methods
A total of 10,882 individuals (6,835 men; 4,047 women) free of T2DM at baseline aged between 30 and 79 years who underwent abdominal computed tomography scan between 2012 and 2013 as a part of routine health check-ups were included and followed. VFA, subcutaneous fat area, and VSR on L3 vertebral level were measured at baseline.
Results
During a median follow-up of 4.8 years, 730 (8.1% for men; 4.3% for women) incident cases of T2DM were identified. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the optimal cut-off values of VFA and VSR for predicting incident T2DM were 130.03 cm2 and 1.08 in men, respectively, and 85.7 cm2 and 0.48 in women, respectively. Regardless of sex, higher VFA and VSR were significantly associated with a higher risk of incident T2DM. Compared with the lowest quartiles of VFA and VSR, the highest quartiles had adjusted odds ratios of 2.62 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.73 to 3.97) and 1.55 (95% CI, 1.14 to 2.11) in men, respectively, and 32.49 (95% CI, 7.42 to 142.02) and 11.07 (95% CI, 3.89 to 31.50) in women, respectively.
Conclusion
Higher VFA and VSR at baseline were independent risk factors for the development of T2DM. Sex-specific reference values for visceral fat obesity (VFA ≥130 cm2 or VSR ≥1.0 in men; VFA ≥85 cm2 or VSR ≥0.5 in women) are proposed for the prediction of incident T2DM.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Severity of adipose tissue dysfunction is associated with progression of pre-diabetes to type 2 diabetes: the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study
    Mohammad Jalali, Zahra Bahadoran, Parvin Mirmiran, Fereidoun Azizi, Farhad Hosseinpanah
    BMC Public Health.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Should insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), insulin secretion (HOMA-β), and visceral fat area be considered for improving the performance of diabetes risk prediction models
    Huan Hu, Tohru Nakagawa, Toru Honda, Shuichiro Yamamoto, Tetsuya Mizoue
    BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care.2024; 12(1): e003680.     CrossRef
  • Adipose organ dysfunction and type 2 diabetes: Role of nitric oxide
    Zahra Bahadoran, Parvin Mirmiran, Asghar Ghasemi
    Biochemical Pharmacology.2024; 221: 116043.     CrossRef
  • Prediction of high visceral adipose tissue for sex‐specific community residents in Taiwan
    Yu‐Hsuan Chang, Chin‐Sung Chang, Chieh‐Yu Liu, Yin‐Fan Chang, Shiow‐Ching Shun
    Nursing & Health Sciences.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Jee-Hyun Kang, Kyoung-Kon Kim
    Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2024; 67(4): 240.     CrossRef
  • Correlation between fat-to-muscle mass ratio and cognitive impairment in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study
    Fan Wu, Yanlan Liu, Chenying Lin, Nahal Haghbin, Longfei Xia, Yaoshuang Li, Tong Chen, Huina Qiu, Weiran Jiang, Jingbo Li, Jingna Lin
    BMC Geriatrics.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Body Composition and Metabolic Dysfunction Really Matter for the Achievement of Better Outcomes in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer
    Mauricio A. Cuello, Fernán Gómez, Ignacio Wichmann, Felipe Suárez, Sumie Kato, Elisa Orlandini, Jorge Brañes, Carolina Ibañez
    Cancers.2023; 15(4): 1156.     CrossRef
  • MEDICINAL BIOMAGNETISM FOR THE TREATMENT OF OBESITY
    Ana Vergínia Campagnollo Bueno, Michelli Gonçalves Seneda, Ângela Mara Rambo, Ana Clara Campagnolo Gonçalves Toledo, Caroline Cabral de Azevedo, Adriane Viapiana Bossa
    Health and Society.2023; 3(01): 411.     CrossRef
  • Cumulative exposure to metabolic syndrome in a national population-based cohort of young adults and sex-specific risk for type 2 diabetes
    Min-Kyung Lee, Jae-Hyuk Lee, Seo Young Sohn, Jiyeon Ahn, Oak-Kee Hong, Mee-Kyoung Kim, Ki-Hyun Baek, Ki-Ho Song, Kyungdo Han, Hyuk-Sang Kwon
    Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The correlation between visceral fat/subcutaneous fat area ratio and monocyte/high-density lipoprotein ratio in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and albuminuria
    Haiyan Lin, Jun Zhu, Chen Zheng, Xiaoming Xu, Shandong Ye
    Journal of Diabetes and its Complications.2023; 37(11): 108521.     CrossRef
  • Effects of the abdominal fat distribution on the relationship between exposure to air pollutants and thyroid hormones among Korean adult males
    Hyun-Jin Kim, Byungmi Kim, Seyoung Kim, Hyuktae Kwon, Jae Moon Yun, Belong Cho, Jin-Ho Park
    European Journal of Medical Research.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Association of Visceral Fat Obesity, Sarcopenia, and Myosteatosis with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease without Obesity
    Hong-Kyu Kim, Sung-Jin Bae, Min Jung Lee, Eun Hee Kim, Hana Park, Hwi Seung Kim, Yun Kyung Cho, Chang Hee Jung, Woo Je Lee, Jaewon Choe
    Clinical and Molecular Hepatology.2023; 29(4): 987.     CrossRef
  • Visceral adipose tissue reference data computed for GE HealthCare DXA from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data set
    Jonathan P. Bennett, Brandon K. Quon, Bo Fan, En Liu, Leila Kazemi, Rosa C. Villegas‐Valle, Raj Ahgun, Xian‐pin Wu, Hou‐De Zhou, Ying Lu, John A. Shepherd
    Obesity.2023; 31(12): 2947.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of bioelectrical body and visceral fat indices and anthropometric measures in relation to type 2 diabetes by sex among Chinese adults, a cross-sectional study
    Jiangshan He, Binbin Zhang, Yaqi Fan, Yuxue Wang, Mianzhi Zhang, Chunjun Li, Li Zhang, Pei Guo, Minying Zhang
    Frontiers in Public Health.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The predictive significance of lipid accumulation products for future diabetes in a non-diabetic population from a gender perspective: an analysis using time-dependent receiver operating characteristics
    Jiajun Qiu, Maobin Kuang, Yang Zou, Ruijuan Yang, Qing Shangguan, Dingyang Liu, Guotai Sheng, Wei Wang
    Frontiers in Endocrinology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Cellular interplay between cardiomyocytes and non-myocytes in diabetic cardiomyopathy
    Ren Jie Phang, Rebecca H. Ritchie, Derek J. Hausenloy, Jarmon G. Lees, Shiang Y. Lim
    Cardiovascular Research.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Implication of Sex Differences in Visceral Fat for the Assessment of Incidence Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
    Sang Hyeon Ju, Hyon-Seung Yi
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2022; 46(3): 414.     CrossRef
  • Visceral fat area and body fat percentage measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis correlate with glycometabolism
    Shuying Li, Shaoping Li, Jie Ding, Weihong Zhou
    BMC Endocrine Disorders.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The Demographic Specific Abdominal Fat Composition and Distribution Trends in US Adults from 2011 to 2018
    Furong Xu, Jacob E. Earp, Bryan J. Blissmer, Ingrid E. Lofgren, Matthew J. Delmonico, Geoffrey W. Greene
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(19): 12103.     CrossRef
  • Visceral Obesity Is a More Important Factor for Colorectal Adenomas than Skeletal Muscle or Body Fat
    Ji Yeon Seo, Yoo Min Han, Su Jin Chung, Seon Hee Lim, Jung Ho Bae, Goh Eun Chung
    Cancers.2022; 14(21): 5256.     CrossRef
  • Recent Advances in Visceral Obesity and Related Diseases
    佳佳 魏
    Advances in Clinical Medicine.2022; 12(12): 11686.     CrossRef
  • Gender differences in the ideal cutoffs of visceral fat area for predicting MAFLD in China
    Pingping Yu, Huachao Yang, Xiaoya Qi, Ruixue Bai, Shouqin Zhang, Jianping Gong, Ying Mei, Peng Hu
    Lipids in Health and Disease.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
Epidemiology
Longitudinal Changes of Body Composition Phenotypes and Their Association with Incident Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus during a 5-Year Follow-up in Koreans
Hong-Kyu Kim, Min Jung Lee, Eun-Hee Kim, Sung-Jin Bae, Jaewon Choe, Chul-Hee Kim, Joong-Yeol Park
Diabetes Metab J. 2019;43(5):627-639.   Published online April 19, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2018.0141
  • 5,107 View
  • 65 Download
  • 19 Web of Science
  • 19 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader   
Background

To elucidate longitudinal changes of complex body composition phenotypes and their association with incident type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods

A total of 17,280 (mean age, 48.1±8.2 years) Korean adults who underwent medical check-ups were included. The mean follow-up duration was 5.5±0.5 years. Body compositions were assessed using a bioelectrical impedance analysis. Four body composition phenotypes were defined using the median of appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) index and fat mass index: low muscle/low fat (LM/LF); high muscle (HM)/LF; LM/high fat (HF); and HM/HF groups.

Results

Of the individuals in the LM/LF or HM/HF groups, over 60% remained in the same group, and over 30% were moved to the LM/HF group. Most of the LM/HF group remained in this group. In the baseline HM/LF group, approximately 30% stayed in the group, and the remaining individuals transitioned to the three other groups in similar proportions. Incident diabetes was significantly lower in participants who remained in the HM/LF group than those who transitioned to the LM/LF or LM/HF group from the baseline HM/LF group in men. ASM index was significantly associated with a decreased risk for incident diabetes in men regardless of obesity status (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 0.71 per kg/m2; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.52 to 0.97 in non-obese) (adjusted OR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.77 to 0.98 in obese) after adjusting for other strong risk factors (e.g., baseline glycosylated hemoglobin and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance).

Conclusion

Maintenance of ASM may be protective against the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus in men, regardless of obesity status.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Metabolically healthy obese individuals are still at high risk for diabetes: Application of the marginal structural model
    Hye Ah Lee, Hyesook Park
    Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism.2024; 26(2): 431.     CrossRef
  • Association of serum gamma-glutamyl transferase with myosteatosis assessed by muscle quality mapping using abdominal computed tomography
    Han Na Jung, Yun Kyung Cho, Hwi Seung Kim, Eun Hee Kim, Min Jung Lee, Joong-Yeol Park, Woo Je Lee, Hong-Kyu Kim, Chang Hee Jung
    Clinical Imaging.2023; 93: 4.     CrossRef
  • More appendicular lean mass relative to body mass index is associated with lower incident diabetes in middle-aged adults in the CARDIA study
    Melanie S. Haines, Aaron Leong, Bianca C. Porneala, Victor W. Zhong, Cora E. Lewis, Pamela J. Schreiner, Karen K. Miller, James B. Meigs, Mercedes R. Carnethon
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  • Association between hypertension and myosteatosis evaluated by abdominal computed tomography
    Han Na Jung, Yun Kyung Cho, Hwi Seung Kim, Eun Hee Kim, Min Jung Lee, Woo Je Lee, Hong-Kyu Kim, Chang Hee Jung
    Hypertension Research.2023; 46(4): 845.     CrossRef
  • Longitudinal association between adiposity changes and lung function deterioration
    Youngmok Park, Jiyoung Kim, Young Sam Kim, Ah Young Leem, Jinyeon Jo, Kyungsoo Chung, Moo Suk Park, Sungho Won, Ji Ye Jung
    Respiratory Research.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Laura Salmón-Gómez, Victoria Catalán, Gema Frühbeck, Javier Gómez-Ambrosi
    Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders.2023; 24(5): 809.     CrossRef
  • Association of Visceral Fat Obesity, Sarcopenia, and Myosteatosis with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease without Obesity
    Hong-Kyu Kim, Sung-Jin Bae, Min Jung Lee, Eun Hee Kim, Hana Park, Hwi Seung Kim, Yun Kyung Cho, Chang Hee Jung, Woo Je Lee, Jaewon Choe
    Clinical and Molecular Hepatology.2023; 29(4): 987.     CrossRef
  • Association between type 2 diabetes and skeletal muscle quality assessed by abdominal computed tomography scan
    Eun Hee Kim, Hong‐Kyu Kim, Min Jung Lee, Sung‐Jin Bae, Kyung Won Kim, Jaewon Choe
    Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Association between fat mass index, fat‐free mass index and hemoglobin A1c in a Japanese population: The Tohoku Medical Megabank Community‐based Cohort Study
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  • Relationship between low skeletal muscle mass, sarcopenic obesity and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in Korean adults
    Jee Hee Yoo, Sung Woon Park, Ji Eun Jun, Sang‐Man Jin, Kyu Yeon Hur, Moon‐Kyu Lee, Mira Kang, Gyuri Kim, Jae Hyeon Kim
    Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Reference Data and T-Scores of Lumbar Skeletal Muscle Area and Its Skeletal Muscle Indices Measured by CT Scan in a Healthy Korean Population
    Eun Hee Kim, Kyung Won Kim, Yongbin Shin, Jiwoo Lee, Yousun Ko, Ye-Jee Kim, Min Jung Lee, Sung-Jin Bae, Sung Won Park, Jaewon Choe, Hong-Kyu Kim, Anne Newman
    The Journals of Gerontology: Series A.2021; 76(2): 265.     CrossRef
  • Age- and Sex-Related Differential Associations between Body Composition and Diabetes Mellitus
    Eun Roh, Soon Young Hwang, Jung A Kim, You-Bin Lee, So-hyeon Hong, Nam Hoon Kim, Ji A Seo, Sin Gon Kim, Nan Hee Kim, Kyung Mook Choi, Sei Hyun Baik, Hye Jin Yoo
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    Yi Ying Ong, Jonathan Y Huang, Navin Michael, Suresh Anand Sadananthan, Wen Lun Yuan, Ling-Wei Chen, Neerja Karnani, S Sendhil Velan, Marielle V Fortier, Kok Hian Tan, Peter D Gluckman, Fabian Yap, Yap-Seng Chong, Keith M Godfrey, Mary F-F Chong, Shiao-Yn
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    Hong-Kyu Kim, Kyung Won Kim, Eun Hee Kim, Min Jung Lee, Sung-Jin Bae, Yousun Ko, Taeyoung Park, Yongbin Shin, Ye-Jee Kim, Jaewon Choe
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    Obesity.2021; 29(8): 1375.     CrossRef
  • Association between muscle mass and insulin sensitivity independent of detrimental adipose depots in young adults with overweight/obesity
    Melanie S. Haines, Laura E. Dichtel, Kate Santoso, Martin Torriani, Karen K. Miller, Miriam A. Bredella
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Complications
Serum Total Bilirubin Levels Provide Additive Risk Information over the Framingham Risk Score for Identifying Asymptomatic Diabetic Patients at Higher Risk for Coronary Artery Stenosis
Jaechan Leem, Eun Hee Koh, Jung Eun Jang, Chang-Yun Woo, Jin Sun Oh, Min Jung Lee, Joon-Won Kang, Tae-Hwan Lim, Chang Hee Jung, Woo Je Lee, Joong-Yeol Park, Ki-Up Lee
Diabetes Metab J. 2015;39(5):414-423.   Published online October 22, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2015.39.5.414
  • 4,246 View
  • 30 Download
  • 7 Web of Science
  • 7 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   
Background

The diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD) is often delayed in patients with type 2 diabetes. Serum total bilirubin levels are inversely associated with CAD. However, no studies have examined whether this can be used as a biochemical marker for identifying asymptomatic diabetic patients at higher risk for having obstructive CAD.

Methods

We performed a cross-sectional study of 460 consecutive asymptomatic patients with type 2 diabetes. All patients underwent coronary computed tomographic angiography, and their serum total bilirubin levels were measured. Obstructive CAD was defined as ≥50% diameter stenosis in at least one coronary artery.

Results

Serum total bilirubin tertiles showed an inverse association with the prevalence of obstructive CAD. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, the odds ratio for the highest versus the lowest tertile of total bilirubin was 0.227 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.130 to 0.398), and an increment of 1 µmol/L in serum total bilirubin level was associated with a 14.6% decrease in obstructive CAD after adjustment for confounding variables. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the area under the curve for the Framingham Risk Score (FRS) plus serum total bilirubin level was 0.712 (95% CI, 0.668 to 0.753), which is significantly greater than that of the FRS alone (P=0.0028).

Conclusion

Serum total bilirubin level is inversely associated with obstructive CAD and provides additive risk information over the FRS. Serum total bilirubin may be helpful for identifying asymptomatic patients with type 2 diabetes who are at higher risk for obstructive CAD.

Citations

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  • DECREASE IN SERUM BILIRUBIN AS AN UNFAVORABLE MARKER OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS
    L. M. Strilchuk, O. O. Zimba, I. B. Zhakun
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Serum Ceruloplasmin Level as a Predictor for the Progression of Diabetic Nephropathy in Korean Men with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Min Jung Lee, Chang Hee Jung, Yu Mi Kang, Jung Eun Jang, Jaechan Leem, Joong-Yeol Park, Woo Je Lee
Diabetes Metab J. 2015;39(3):230-239.   Published online April 22, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2015.39.3.230
  • 4,427 View
  • 47 Download
  • 22 Web of Science
  • 22 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   
Background

Oxidative stress is known to be associated with progression of diabetic kidney disease. Ceruloplasmin acts as a pro-oxidant under conditions of severe oxidative stress. Thus, we conducted a longitudinal observational study to evaluate whether the serum ceruloplasmin level is a predictive biomarker for progression of diabetic nephropathy.

Methods

A total of 643 Korean men with type 2 diabetes mellitus were enrolled. Serum ceruloplasmin was measured using a nephelometric method. Progression of diabetic nephropathy was defined as transition in albuminuria class (i.e., normoalbuminuria to microalbuminuria, microalbuminuria to macroalbuminuria, or normoalbuminuria to macroalbuminuria) and/or a greater than 2-fold increase of serum creatinine at follow-up compared with the baseline value.

Results

During the follow-up period (median, 2.7 years; range, 0.3 to 4.4 years), 49 of 643 patients (7.6%) showed the progression of diabetic nephropathy and three patients (0.5%) developed end-stage renal disease. Baseline ceruloplasmin levels were higher in the progressors than in the nonprogressors (262.6±40.9 mg/L vs. 233.3±37.8 mg/L, P<0.001). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a significantly higher incidence of nephropathy progression according to ceruloplasmin tertile (log-rank test, P<0.001). The hazard ratio (HR) for progression of diabetic nephropathy was significantly higher in the highest ceruloplasmin tertile category compared with the lowest ceruloplasmin tertile category, even after adjusting for confounding variables (HR, 3.32; 95% confidence interval, 1.28 to 8.61; P=0.003).

Conclusion

Baseline serum ceruloplasmin is an independent predictive factor for the progression of diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Citations

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Diabetes Metab J : Diabetes & Metabolism Journal